一.单复数的形式
1.民族的复数形式
1/Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 等单复数同形
2/Englishman, Frenchman, Irish等man改成men,但German----Germans
3/American, Canadian, Russian等复数加s.
2.姓名的复数含义及形式(直接加s或es)
Fox and Jones are two workers. One day, the Foxes and the Joneses came to China for a visit.
In our class, there is a Mary. In their class, there are three Marys, ever four Berrys.
3.抽象名词具体化后的含义不同
water-----waters（水域）sand----sands （沙滩） steel----steels（多种钢材） rain----rains（雨季）
two teas=two cups of tea two coffee=two cups of coffee a success（成功的人或事）
抽象名词与冠词连用中间常有定语修饰
a good sleep a happy life a delicious supper a good education a pleasant surprise
Many people agree that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.
He is in business for himself.(经商) He is the manager of three businesses.(商行)
4.复和名词的复数形式
1/ 名词修饰名词,如修饰词是man,woman,则用men, women,其余多用单数
2/合成词中有主体词的把主体词变复数,无主体词的后面-s
a grandchild---- grandchildren looker-on ------ lookers-on
an editor-in-chief---- editors-in-chief
throw-away-----throw-aways go-between----- go-betweens
二.名词的所有格
1.两者共有的在后面一个名词后加’s;两者分别拥有的两
个名词都加’s.
Tom’s and John’s rooms/ Tom and John’s room
2.强化记忆下列不用of而用to或for表示“…的”的短语句式
the key to the door /the keys(键盘) to the computer /
the entrance to the hill /the answer to the question /the reply to
the question /the invitation to the concert /his contribution to
his motherland /the reason for his being late
I am fighting for an end to slavery.
You should make your views known to everyone.
3.某店铺,某人的家,某夫妇的家一般省略所有格后的名词
at my aunt’s /at the barber’s /at Mr. Brown’s(at the Browns’)
go to the butcher’s
4.双重所有格
of后的名词须是表人的有生命的特指名词
a friend of my father’s=one of my father’s friends
比较: a picture of Tom’s / a picture of Tom(照片上的人是Tom)